Science News

New technique enables creation of features 2500 times smaller than width of human hair

Washington, April 11 : A team of scientists has developed a technique that enables the creation of features 2500 times smaller than the width of a human hair, which is a significant advancement in the nanofabrication Process.

The ability to create tiny patterns is essential to the fabrication of computer chips and many other current and potential applications of nanotechnology.

Yet, creating ever smaller features, through a widely-used process called photolithography, has required the use of ultraviolet light, which is difficult and expensive to work with.

Ancient Roman Christians liked eating fish

London, April 11 : A recent research on bones from the Roman catacombs has suggested that in ancient Rome, Christians preferred to eat a lot of fish, which indicates that the eating habits of Rome's early Christians were more complex than has traditionally been assumed.

According to a report in the Times, the research was conducted by Leonard Rutgers and his colleagues in the Journal of Archaeological Science.

Their work was based on analysis of 22 skeletons found in the Catacombs of St Callixtus on the Appian Way, an area utilized in the 3rd to 5th centuries AD.

Biofuel threatens water supplies

Biofuel threatens water suppliesWashington, April 11: A new study has suggested that the production of bioethanol may use up to three times as much water as previously thought, thus threatening water supplies.

According to the study, a gallon of ethanol may require up to more than 2,100 gallons of water from farm to fuel pump, depending on the regional irrigation practice in growing corn.

But, the water usage isn’t quite so high everywhere.

A dozen states in the Corn Belt in the US consume less than 100 gallons of water per gallon of ethanol, making them better suited for ethanol production, the study found.

Discovery of recently formed galaxies poses challenge to galaxy formation theories

Washington, April 11 : A team of astronomers has found a sample of massive galaxies with properties that suggest they may have formed relatively recently, a discovery that poses challenge to galaxy formation theories.

This runs counter to the widely-held belief that massive, luminous galaxies (like our own Milky Way Galaxy) began their formation and evolution shortly after the Big Bang, some 13 billion years ago.

Further research into the nature of these objects could open new windows into the study of the origin and early evolution of galaxies.

As part of the research, the team of astronomers, led by IU (Indiana University) astronomer John Salzer, uncovers the unique properties of 15 galaxies.

Scientists model 3D structures of body clock-controlling proteins

Washington, April 11 : Scripps Research scientists say that they have determined the molecular structure of a plant photolyase protein, which is very similar to the two proteins that control the circadian clock in humans and other mammals.

The researchers claim that their study has even enabled them to test how structural changes affect the function of such proteins.

"The plant photolyase structure provides a much better model to use to study how the cryptochrome proteins in the human clock function than we have ever had before," says Dr. Kenichi Hitomi, a postdoctoral research fellow at Scripps Research.

Canadian researchers develop an instrument that pinpoints “edge of space”

Canadian researchers develop an instrument that pinpoints “edge of space” The researchers in Canada have developed an instrument that pinpoints “edge of space,” where the space begins and the earth’s atmosphere ends. According to researchers from the University of Calgary, who created the tool, the “edge of space,” begins 118 km (73.3 miles), above sea level, above the Earth.

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